Haj, Handicap inside the Antiquity, q
Journal of the Western China Area 58: 235-40. Going representations out-of Mani or Manes, c. 216-276 Le, try discussed, which have believe of your own customs detailed of the al-Nadim (creating c. 987 Ce) one to Mani was lame both in legs or in their right foot. You to lifestyle will be supported by retranslation off a term within the this new Pahlavi Denkart (step 3.200, 1-13) (pick Dinkard, above), applying the title ‘broken’ or ‘crippled’ to help you Mani (get a hold of less than, al-Nadim, Fihrist, pp. 773, 794).
Right here, according to Michael Dols, the guy chatted about “physical infirmities such facial skin disorders, lameness, paralysis, and deafness and private services such hair loss, leanness, and you may ugliness
Al-JAHIZ (Abu Othman Amr bin Bahr). Al-Barsan wal-Argan wal-Umyan wal-Hawlan [The fresh Lepers, the newest Lame, the Blind, together with Squinting], ed. Abdel-Salam Haroun (1998). Cairo. Al-Jahiz (776-868) is actually a respected, important and you can notably unattractive creator having ‘goggle eyes’ (jahiz), from the Basra (today in the Iraq), whose work has been far quoted over the Arab globe. ” His point was to show that “actual infirmities and distinct features do not impede just one regarding being a totally productive member of the fresh new Muslim people otherwise bar him from essential workplaces. Al-Jahiz managed one to bodily ailments aren’t personal stigmas but they are what may be named signs of divine blessing otherwise choose.” (Yards Dols, 1983, Brand new leper from inside the Medieval Islamic society. Speculum 58: 891-916, towards p. 901) Despite their own connection with negative societal reactions, al-Jahiz in just one of his ideal-recognized work, ‘The Magic out of Creation’, composed harshly on the personal regions of deafness. Aside from the deaf person’s loss of music, “Men and women are bored stiff in his team and then he try a weight in it. They are not able to hear any of the mans reports and discussions. Although present it’s as though he have been absent, and even though live it’s as if the guy had been inactive.” (cited from the F. v., p. 159). Find 2nd affairs. A separate commentator cards you to definitely “Al-Barsan wal-Argan. ” is considered the most difficult works by Jahiz, and its own material is almost book from inside the historic Arabic books. (There will not be seemingly an enthusiastic English interpretation offered by present).
JAIN, Jagdish C (1947) Life inside Ancient Asia due to the fact Represented on the Jain Canons. Bombay: The new Publication Business. Sickness and you will treatment, as well as some disabilities, out of Jaina provide (pp. 178-81). People with handicaps, also intellectual retardation, are omitted regarding joining religious commands (194). See Tattvartha Sutra, below; in addition to 2nd a couple affairs).
[JAINA Texts] Gaina Sutras interpreted away from Prakrit, transl. Hermann Jacobi, dos vols, (1884 and you will 1895), SBE twenty-two & forty five, Oxford: Clarendon. [The latest SBE series made use of an enthusiastic italicised ‘G’ unlike ‘J’, for certain grounds. Right here ‘Gaina’ could have been reinserted on the regular alphabetical buy getting benefits.] – The Akaranga Sutra (from inside the vol. I), off even the fifth century Le, gave training to own a beneficial holy and you may innocuous existence. Handicap and you may handicap are available, age.grams. “into the devastation of perceptions of one’s ear, attention, areas off smelling miksi Afrikkalainen miehet pitГ¤vГ¤t valkoisista naisista, tasting, holding, one gets familiar with the fresh refuse regarding lives” (vol. I: p. 15) [Bk I (2) 1]. Fruit out of incorrect serves in prior to lifetime are: “Comes and leprosy, consumption, falling disorder, blindness and you may stiffness, lameness and humpbackedness, Dropsy and you can dumbness, lookup! apoplexy (?) and you can attention-problem, trembling and you will crippledness, elephantiasis and you can diabetes, They are the 16 disorder specified inside due order; along with them of numerous disorders and you will wounds occur.” (I: 54) [Bk I (6) 1.] Yet , proper-minded somebody is to take time to explore inoffensive words when appointment you aren’t eg standards. It “should not chat ones along these lines: ‘He ‘s got boils or leprosy, etcetera [including the fresh new words found more than]; their hands is slash, otherwise their foot, nose, ear canal, lip is clipped.’ Getting because the such people, verbal to help you in such vocabulary, feel crazy, and therefore, given better, they should not communicate with all of them in such code.” (I: 152-53) [Bk II, (4) 2.] – New Uttaradhyayana Sutra (within the Vol. II) together with cards handicap that have ageing, “In case the system increases dated, and your hair transforms white, the efficacy of the ears decrease”, also to the attention, nostrils, language, touch (II: p. 44) [chapter X]. – The fresh Sutrakritanga Sutra (in Vol. II) mentions when you look at the passing brand new “blind-produced man” (p. 243), and you will “guys which walk-on crutches” (p. 269). Monks hankering immediately following matrimony is cautioned of one’s awful disablement from one situation: being bought regarding away from dawn right until midnight from the wife, and remainder of the evening calming infants and you may laundry the nappies (pp. 275-78). Monks exactly who be a part of sensual delights was assured however bad vexation once they pass away; and it “would-be produced deaf-and-dumb, otherwise blind [footnote: sometimes blind because of the delivery, or absolutely foolish or unaware], or foolish because of the birth.” (p. 363; similar into pp. 367, 430) [Bk 2 (2); and you may 2 (7)].